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Alexandre Fontes da Fonseca |
|
The Doctrinal
Purity and
Science |
Introduction
- Spiritists
still
misunderstand
the term
"doctrinal
purity".
Some believe
that
doctrinal purity
plasters
Spiritism,
preventing the
development of
its progressive
feature (Kardec,
Chapter I, and
item 55, of "A
Gênese" (The
Genesis) [1]).
However
counterintuitive
it may seem, the
most important
ingredient to
develop
Spiritism
efficiently is
precisely the
doctrinal purity.
To understand
this, let us
draw a parallel
between the
concept of
"doctrinal
purity" and
the attitude of
scientists
regarding the
progressive
feature of
Science.
What doctrinal
purity is, and
its importance
regarding the
Spiritist
Movement, has
already been
discussed within
Spiritist
literature [2,
3]. As
previously noted
[3], the concept
of "purity"
of some
"thing" has
no value for the
"thing"
itself (which is
pure by nature),
but for whom
employs it for a
particular
purpose. For
example, it
makes sense to
say:" The
water I am going
to drink is
pure," but
it makes no
sense in saying
that "pure
water is pure".
The adjective
doctrinaire
refers only to
the kind of
purity that is
being analyzed.
Thus, it
makes no sense
to check if the
Spiritist
Doctrine is pure
because this
would be
redundant!
Doctrinal purity
only applies
to the Spiritist
Movement
since it
represents the
way people
practice,
experience and
use Spiritism in
their lives.
Therefore, are
do we know if
everything we
study, practice
and experience,
reflects the
teachings of
Spiritism? Is
the water we
drink pure?
The Spiritist
Movement (SM)
(ME - Movimento
Espírita) is
very much
interested in
the discoveries
of Science and
in particular of
Physics.
Therefore, it is
wise to analyze
how the
progressive
feature of
Science
develops. What
we will further
see is that the
rigor of
Science in its
research
represents the
application of
the concept of
doctrinal
purity in
its development.
When people
watch amazed the
news about new
discoveries in
Physics, hardly
do they know
that Physics is
extremely rigid
and does not
accept anything
new before
checking all
its
validation
criteria.
The doctrinal
purity in
Physics
- Therezinha
Oliveira, when
talking about
the possibility
of adding new
insights and
knowledge to
Spiritism, says
[2] that "...
not without
previously
passing the
sieve of reason
and, whenever
possible,
experimentation
". Is this
not exactly what
physics
scientists do,
i.e., to go
through the
scrutiny of
reason and
experimentation?
Literally, what
physicists do is
to follow "to
the letter"
what we may call
"doctrinal
purity in
Physics" !
However, how can
a science so
progressive as
Physics adopt
the"
doctrinal
purity" in
its criteria?
The answer is
simple. It is
precisely
because it
applies all
scientific rigor
in its research
criteria that
the results of
Physics have so
much value!
Likewise, as a
true science, it
is precisely
adopting the
"doctrinal
purity" that
Spiritism will
progress
striding much
more than we can
imagine today.
It is not
adopting with no
criteria and
reason esoteric
concepts,
pseudoscientific
practices and
all kinds of
news that
Spiritism will
develop.
Doctrinal purity
in any Science,
including the
Spiritist
Science, is
nothing more
than compliance
with the
methods,
scientific
rigor, theories,
and paradigms of
Science itself
in the research
work and
development of
new knowledge!
The
misconception is
caused by
considering the
concept of
"doctrinal
purity" as a
factor of
stagnation. In
the full
millennium of
light of
knowledge, the
ME (SM) needs to
mature its
understanding
about the real
meaning of
doctrinal
purity. For
that, let us
analyze a little
more the manner
in which Science
develops.
What gives
credibility to a
finding in any
area of
knowledge, is
the compliance
with criteria,
scientific
rigor, and
fundamentals of
the respective
area. In the
area of Physics,
physicists and
scientists
follow rigorous
methods and
concepts
established by
the theories and
paradigms of
Physics. If some
scientist
decides to use
research methods
of another area
when
investigating
Physics
concepts, it
will have no
scientific
value. If some
scientist
decides to
invent new
methods
without
justifying them
in terms of
current concepts
and methods,
it will have no
scientific
value. Thus, new
discoveries are
only accepted in
an area, if they
are faithful
to the concepts,
methods, and
criteria of the
original
paradigm of the
respective
scientific
discipline.
Why Higgs boson?
- As an example,
let us analyze
one of the
recent
discoveries of
Physics that
drew media's
attention: the
Higgs boson. The
magazine Science
devoted a
special space
for several
articles on the
subject
(including free
access to some
of them [4]).
The so-called
Standard Model
of subatomic
particles is
considered one
of the most
comprehensive
and successful
theories of
Physics, since
it describes in
a precise way
the properties
of the particles
that make up
matter, and the
interaction
forces between
them (except
gravity).
However, one of
these particles
properties, not
explained by
theory, is mass.
Forty years ago,
Higgs proposed
the existence of
a field that
would be
responsible for
the mass
property of the
particles. Since
fields,
according to
Quantum Physics,
are made of a
type of particle
called boson,
responsible for
this field, it
took its name:
Higgs boson.
If this particle
really existed,
the mass of the
particles could
be explained by
the Standard
Model
consistently.
The concept of
"doctrinal
purity" in
the discovery of
the Higgs
boson is
evident in two
ways. First,
when it verifies
that, even
though the
Standard Model
supported the
existence of
this particle,
physicists
did not consider
for granted the
existence of the
Higgs boson!
This, then,
according to the
doctrinal
purity of
Physics, it is
not enough to
just make sense
in theory, the
existence of the
Higgs boson
needed to be
verified
experimentally
and with all the
scientific rigor
determined by
Physics.
Scientists from
various areas
have built a
device costing
over 5 billion
dollars [4] to
perform the
experiments of
particle
collisions
needed to
observe the
Higgs boson.
However, the
second way to
understand the
concept of
doctrinal purity
in Physics comes
from the
following. Since
the collision
phenomena,
involved in the
experiment, can
be explained by
other factors,
it was necessary
to repeat
the collisions
of particles
per billion
times and using
more than one
different method
at the same time
[5].
What is
considered true
in Physics
- Based on the
analysis and
comparison of
the results, it
was possible to
demonstrate that
the Higgs boson
is present in
certain types of
nuclear
reactions with
an error of 1
in ~ 300 million
events! Only
then, did
physicists
consider the
existence of the
Higgs boson!
This is
doctrinal purity
applied to
Physics!
This is an
example of the
caution
that Physics has
before
considering as
true
something
new.
"It is therefore
necessary to
avoid letting
yourself be
seduced by
appearances,
both on the
part of the
Spirits, and
men; ...
it is necessary
that everything
be coolly
examined,
maturely
weighed,
confronted,
and if we
mistrust our own
judgment,
(...), it is
necessary to
call upon other
people". (My
emphasis in
bold). Do not
these words of
Kardec, in a
speech delivered
on September 19,
1860 to the
Spirits of Lion
[6], express the
exact position
of doctrinal
purity that
Physics and all
Science adopt?
Therefore, the
Spiritist
Movement must
value the
doctrinal purity
in its
activities. The
doctrinal purity
shall help with
precision the
progressive
feature of
Spiritism.
To develop well
the progressive
feature of
Spiritism, it is
necessary: 1) to
study thoroughly
the basic works
of Spiritism. 2)
To study the
works, mediunic
or not, of
well-recognized
authors in the
Spiritist
movement, always
checking if they
actually do not
conflict with
the doctrinal
fundamentals. 3)
To avoid adding
new grafts and
innovations
without meeting
the test of
reason and
without proper
demonstration,
which, in turn,
cannot be
accomplished in
a superficial
way and without
total mastery of
the subject
(see, e.g. the
analysis
presented in
reference [7])?
And 4) to follow
the
recommendation
of Erastus (item
230 of the Book
of Mediums [8]):
"it is better
to reject ten
truths than to
admit a single
falsehood, one
only erroneous
theory". In
other words, as
described in the
Introduction to
The Gospel
According to
Spiritism [9]: "One
only serious
guarantee exists
for the
teaching of the
Spirits:
the conformity
of the
spontaneous
messages, using
a large number
of mediums
strangers to
each other and
in various
places.
(...) This
universal proof
is a guarantee
for the future
unity of
Spiritism and
shall void all
contradictory
theories.
This is when, in
the future,
the criterion of
truth
shall be found".
(My emphasis in
italic and
bold).
Finally, never
forget that
"what usually
features a new
revelation, when
it really is
one, is not the
denial of the
former, but
precisely its
confirmation of
the fundamental
steps that will
support them".
(Yvonne do
Amaral Pereira
[10].)
Kardecian base
and its
importance
- To conclude,
we copy below
the concern of
the good spirits
with respect to
doctrinal purity
and fidelity:
"Spiritism has
its essential
aspects based on
a triple
configuration.
Let none be
restricted in
their
expectations of
construction and
production. The
one who becomes
fond of science,
let him
cultivate it
within its
dignity. The one
who devotes
himself to
philosophy let
him enhance its
postulates. And
those who
dedicate
themselves to
religion let
them deify the
aspirations, but
Kardec's base
must remain in
everything and
everyone, so
that we do not
lose balance on
the foundations
on which the
organization is
raised. (...)
It turns out,
however, that
we need to
preserve
spiritist
basics, honor
and sublimate
them, or we
will end up
strangers to
each other, or
turn into
corpses in
regimentations,
which shall
mutilate our
best wishes, and
the movement of
freedom
converting us
into closed
sects, jailed on
new
interpretations
and theologies,
which would keep
us within the
conveniences of
the lower plane
and distance us
from the truth.
(...)
(...) Allan
Kardec, in the
studies,
reflections,
activities,
works, so that
our faith will
not become an
hypnosis,
whereby the
power of
darkness sets on
the weaker
minds, chaining
them to
centuries of
illusion and
suffering.
(...)
(...) "Let Allan
Kardec be, not
only believed or
felt, proclaimed
or manifested,
our flag, but
sufficiently
lived, suffered,
cried and held
in our own
lives. Without
this foundation,
it is difficult
to forge the
Christian-Spiritist
character that
this troubled
world expects
from us through
unification"
["Unificação"
(Unification)],
Bezerra de
Menezes'
message,
received by
Chico Xavier on
04.20.1963, and
published in the
Reformador
(Reformer),
December 1975.
(My emphasis in
bold and
italic).
Fidelity to
doctrine is
essential
- "The
program that you
have established
for this
five-year period
is quite
significant,
because it came
from the High,
where it was
elaborated and
you clothed it
with skilled
considerations
applicable to
this present
time. This is
the time,
children of the
soul. Do not
prevaricate by
being seduced by
the singing of
the sirens of
illusion.
Fidelity to
doctrine is what
is imposed on us,
celebrating the
one hundred and
fiftieth
anniversary of
the basic work
of the Spiritist
Codification.
Do not allow
bizarre
additions to be
placed in the
form of
appendices that
avert the less
enlightened
regarding the
essential
purpose of the
doctrine.
(...) Be
faithful,
remaining deeply
connected to the
spirit of
Spiritism in
the same way you
received it from
the immortals
through the
eminent
Codifier".
("O Meio-Dia da
Nova Era" (The
Midday of the
New Era),
message by
Bezerra de
Menezes received
by DP Franco in
April 12, 2007
and published in
the "Reformador"
(Reformer), June
2007. (My
emphasis in
bold).
"These current
times call us to
faithfulness
to the projects
of the Spirit of
Truth, to be
attentive to not
forsake the
genuinely
spiritist work,
occupying
valuable time
with verbiage
and disputes,
situations and
issues that,
reportedly,
have nothing to
do with our
cause, because
they are not a
matter for
Spiritism.
["Definição e
trabalho em
tempos difíceis"
(Definition and
work in
difficult
times)],
"message by
Camilo, received
by Raul Teixeira
on 11/11/2005
published in the
Reformador
(Reformer),
January 2006.
(My emphasis in
bold).
References:
[1] A. Kardec,
A Gênese
(Genesis),
Publisher FEB,
36th Edition,
Rio de Janeiro
(1995)
[2] T. Oliveira,
"Pureza
Doutrinária"
("Doctrinal
Purity"),
FidelidadESPÍRITA
112, 15
(2012).
[3] A. F. da
Fonseca, “O Que
Seria Pureza
Doutrinária
Segundo o
Espiritismo?”
("What would
Doctrinal Purity
be According to
Spiritism?"),
Bulletin GEAE n.
529,
September 15,
(2007), and O
Consolador
(The
Comforter)
162, June
13 (2010)
Reprinted in:
http://www.oconsolador.com.br/ano4/162/especial.html
[4] Log, for
example, the
links: http://www.sciencemag.org/site/special/btoy2012/,
http://www.sciencemag.org/content/338/6114/1524.full
[5] M. Della
Negra, P. Jenni
and T. S. Virdee,
"Journey in the
Search for the
Higgs Boson: The
ATLAS and CMS
Experiments at
the Large Hadron
Collider",
Science 338,
1560 (2012).
Accessible via
link: http://www.sciencemag.org/content/338/6114/1560.full
[6] A. Kardec,
O que é o
Espiritismo
(What Is
Spiritism),
Publisher FEB*,
Rio de Janeiro
(2006).
[7] A. F. da
Fonseca,
"Scientific
Review of
Apometry" O
Consolador (The
Comforter)
289,
December,
(2012). Access
the link:
http://www.oconsolador.com.br/ano6/289/especial.html
[8] A. Kardec,
O Livro dos
Médiuns (The
Book of Mediums),
Ed FEB, 1st
Edition, Rio de
Janeiro (2008).
[9] A. Kardec,
O Evangelho
segundo o
Espiritismo (The
Gospel According
to Spiritism),
Publisher FEB,
112th Edition,
Rio de Janeiro
(1996).
[10] Several
Spirits,
Cristiano
Emanuel's
psychography,
O Zelo da tua
casa (The zeal
of thine house),
Publisher Allan
Kardec, Campinas
(2009).
* FEB Federação
Espírita do
Brasil
(Brazilian
Spiritist
Federation)
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